Reflections on the Development of China's New Material Industry under the New Development Pattern of "Double Cycle"
Thoughts on the Development of China's New Material Industry under the New Development Pattern of "Double Cycle"
zeng Kun
opportunities and Challenges for the Development of China's New Material Industry under the New Development Pattern of "Double Cycle"
under the new development pattern of "double cycle", the kinetic energy of the international cycle is weakening, the vitality of the domestic cycle is becoming stronger and stronger, a series of profound changes have taken place in China's economic and social system, the scale advantage, system advantage and market advantage of China's economy are more prominent, and the development of China's new material industry is facing unprecedented opportunities:
(1) will accelerate the speed of innovation in China's new materials industry
the "double cycle" emphasizes taking the domestic cycle as the main body, and at the same time promoting the opening and upgrading, forming a higher level of opening up under the new conditions, and realizing the integration of domestic cycle and international cycle from the aspects of technology, system and rules. This means that my country will continue to deeply participate in the new round of global technological and industrial transformation, actively expand the cooperation space in the fields of international technology, capital, and talents, and continue to promote 5G, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, blockchain, big data, Cloud computing and other new-generation information technologies are deeply integrated with the manufacturing industry. The cross-integration application of cutting-edge emerging technologies can accelerate the pace of independent innovation of new materials in my country and improve the efficiency, promote the application of new formats and new models.
(2) will expand China's new materials industry market space
the "double cycle" emphasizes tapping the potential of domestic demand, cultivating a complete domestic demand system, giving full play to the advantages of domestic super-large market scale, and leading the international cycle with domestic large cycle. This means that my country will accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing industries, accelerate the development of emerging formats and new industries, and the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industries and the accelerated rise of emerging industries will expand the development space of new materials industries, especially the 5G and UHV brought by new infrastructure., Increased investment in high-speed railways and urban rail transit will significantly increase the demand for new chemical materials, high-quality special steel, and special metal functional materials.
(3) Will expand the scale of China's material market promotion and application
"Double cycle" emphasizes the domestic cycle as the main body, innovation-driven, high-quality supply to lead and create new demand, smooth domestic cycle. This means that my country will accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing, significantly enhance the supply capacity of the middle and high-end manufacturing industry, enhance the adaptability of the supply structure to demand upgrades, and create a good environment conducive to improving the quality of manufacturing supply. The high-quality supply system and environment will drive the performance optimization and quality improvement of new materials, promote the collaborative innovation of new material enterprises and downstream, enhance the competitiveness of new materials in China, and expand the application scale of new materials in China. "Double cycle" is a new development pattern proposed under the international situation such as the world economic downturn, the surging trend of economic anti-globalization, and the prevalence of international trade protectionism. It means that the global competition pattern has undergone profound changes, and the external risks of my country's economic development have increased., Brings many challenges to the development of my country's new material industry.
(4) China's new materials technology and industrial development competition pressure will increase
the current global economy generally lacks growth momentum. Major countries in the world regard new materials as an important foundation for developing the real economy and seizing the commanding heights of a new round of technological and economic development, and continue to increase support for new materials. Developed countries strengthen their absolute advantages in core technology, R & D capabilities, and financial strength through large multinational enterprises; emerging economies strengthen technological innovation, actively integrate into the global division of labor system, and use new materials as a breakthrough to shape new competitive advantages. The "blocking before and chasing after" of developed countries and emerging economies forces China to speed up the tackling of key strategic core technologies and the exploration of emerging technologies, and the pressure and difficulty of innovation will continue to increase.
(5) China's new material supply chain security will be impacted
affected by trade protectionism and anti-globalization trends, China's electronic chemicals, semiconductor materials and other high-end new materials and high-end lithography machines, single-crystal furnaces and other special equipment supply will be affected, China's advanced manufacturing supply chain security and industrial chain stability will be more difficult.
(6) China's new material technology introduction and international cooperation will be affected
the new crown epidemic has led to a reduction in international exchanges and exchanges, a weakening of the momentum of the international cycle, a deep adjustment of the global supply chain, industrial chain, innovation chain and value chain, especially the accelerated restructuring of the industrial chain, and the developed countries in Europe and the United States will place more emphasis on the safety of the industrial layout, enhance the strategic production and reserve capacity of important materials, accelerate the return of high-end manufacturing industry, China's introduction of advanced new materials and technology from developed countries will be more difficult, china's new material enterprises "going out" to participate in international competition and cooperation will face more scrutiny and restrictions, and the export of superior new material production capacity will face greater pressure.
Current Problems in the Development of New Material Industry in China
(1) The ability of independent innovation is not strong, and the key core technology is controlled by others.
Although my country's new material innovation capabilities have continued to improve in recent years, and breakthroughs have been made in a number of core key and common technology fields, compared with the international advanced level, the overall innovation capabilities of my country's new materials are still weak, and a complete enterprise has not been formed. The main body, market-oriented, new material innovation system that combines production, education, research and application. According to the research stage, in the basic research stage, resources are scattered, there is a lack of mechanism to concentrate on major issues to carry out in-depth research, and there are not many original research results; in the engineering stage, there is a lack of systematic research on the organic combination of materials, technology, equipment and so on, and effective quality control standards and systems have not yet been established; in the industrial application stage, there is less research on the practical problems encountered in the process of mass production, high-end material performance consistency and stability can not be fully guaranteed, with independent intellectual property rights of the material grade and system has not yet formed. From the perspective of research subjects, colleges and universities focus on cutting-edge research and theoretical research, and some scientific research results cannot be transformed on the ground; enterprises have a long independent innovation cycle, high risk, large investment, low innovation enthusiasm, and mostly produce tracking imitations. In short, my country's key core new material technology self-sufficiency rate is low, special equipment, key components, core components, etc. are subject to developed countries, and international competitiveness is not strong.
(2) The connection between production, teaching and research is not close, and there are difficulties in the promotion and application of new materials.
During the 13th Five Year Plan period, in order to promote the collaborative innovation of new materials upstream and downstream, China has made certain achievements in the construction of national manufacturing innovation center and national new material production and application demonstration platform in key new material fields. However, on the whole, at this stage, the combination of R & D, production and application of new materials in China is not close enough, It is mainly reflected in two aspects: on the one hand, R & D and production are disconnected from each other. The overall R & D investment in the field of new materials in my country continues to increase, but the conversion rate and industrialization rate of scientific and technological achievements are low, and there is a phenomenon of "strong R & D and weak production. Although universities and scientific research institutes have established technology transfer institutions, most of them focus on administrative functions, with few personnel and insufficient professionalism, and have not yet established an effective complementary cooperative relationship with enterprises. According to statistics, the transfer rate of technological achievements supported by my country's financial funds is less than 10%, which is lower than the level of 40% to 50% in developed countries. On the other hand, production and application are disconnected from each other. The performance of products produced by upstream material enterprises cannot meet the requirements of downstream applications, resulting in "poor use of materials"; The downstream application fields involving national security and personal safety require high stability and reliability of materials. New materials must undergo strict and sufficient service verification before they can be applied and promoted. Due to insufficient iteration of new materials and lack of reliability data in China, downstream users dare not easily choose good materials, resulting in "good materials dare not use".
(3) The new material industry is "blooming everywhere", and the international competitiveness of industrial clusters is not strong.
After decades of development, my country has initially formed a comprehensive new material industry cluster represented by the Bohai Rim, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta, as well as a central and western characteristic new material industry cluster developed based on resources. Among them, the comprehensive industrial cluster has innovation capabilities. Strong, relatively sound supporting facilities, and a broad downstream application market. Nevertheless, compared with world-class industrial clusters such as Silicon Valley in the United States, Tsukuba Science City in Japan, and Cambridge Science Park in the United Kingdom, my country's new material industrial clusters are still in the development stage, and there are problems of "gathering without gathering, gathering without grouping. Some areas develop traditional materials under the name of new material industrial park, and the technical content and added value of products are not high, which is easy to cause a new round of overcapacity. Some areas blindly start new material projects and engage in the construction of new material parks, lacking top-level design and scientific guidance, resulting in waste of resources and repeated construction. The number of leading enterprises in the new material industry cluster, especially the leading enterprises, is small, the degree of specialization and refinement of small and medium-sized enterprises is not enough, the ecology of coordinated development of large and medium-sized enterprises has not yet formed, and the correlation between upstream and downstream enterprises is not high. Regional cooperation is not sufficient, the development mechanism of collaborative innovation has not been fully established, the industrial pattern of reasonable division of labor and complementary advantages has not yet been formed, and the benefits of clusters are not obvious.
(4) The industrial infrastructure is not perfect and the supporting service system is not perfect.
Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", my country has continuously strengthened the construction of the new material industry infrastructure and service system, improved the new material standard system, built a national new material testing and evaluation platform, and implemented the "Internet" new material action, which effectively supported The steady and healthy development of the new material industry, but compared with the rapidly growing demand for the new material industry, there is still much room for improvement in the infrastructure and supporting service system of my country's new material industry. The industrial Internet infrastructure has not been fully established, the industrial basic software and material design software have not been popularized, the quality technology infrastructure has yet to be improved, and the safety production and management system has yet to be strengthened. The upstream and downstream collaboration and supporting capabilities of new materials are not strong, and some key supporting materials of new materials have not yet achieved industrial production; new material testing, evaluation, measurement and other standards and systems need to be improved, and market-oriented service capabilities are weak; high-level talents in the field of new materials, Professional and technical talents, interdisciplinary and compound talents are not strong enough, reserves are insufficient, introduction channels are not smooth, and incentive mechanisms are not flexible; policy effectiveness needs to be strengthened urgently, the support of financial, scientific and technological, financial and other policies for key areas, products and technologies of new materials is relatively scattered and not focused enough; the evaluation system of scientific and technological achievements is not perfect, the protection of intellectual property rights is not enough, and the promotion of statistical system needs to be strengthened.
Suggestions on Promoting the Development of China's New Material Industry under the New Development Pattern of "Double Cycle"
(1) Improve the innovation system and enhance the ability of independent innovation
seize the strategic opportunities brought by the "double cycle" new development pattern, give full play to the advantages of the new national system, unite universities, scientific research institutes, enterprises, governments, social organizations and other institutions, concentrate talents, funds and other resources, accelerate the key common core technologies in the field of new materials, realize the self-reliance of science and technology, and enhance the "double cycle" ability. Accelerate the research and development of special equipment and processes for new materials, improve the level of basic material manufacturing processes, ensure the security of the supply chain of key raw and auxiliary materials, accelerate the development of industrial mother machines, basic parts and components related to new materials, and enhance the manufacturing capacity of new material equipment. Improve the basic capabilities of scientific and technological innovation, give full play to the role of innovation platforms such as state key laboratories and engineering research centers, strengthen basic research, make up for the shortcomings of basic scientific research, and strengthen the research and development of underlying basic technologies. Carry out the construction of new materials pilot test bases, increase support for pilot test links, accelerate the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, and promote new materials scientific research results to cross the "valley of death". Improve the government-industry-university-research system, strengthen R & D cooperation between universities, scientific research institutes and enterprises, create new R & D institutions or platforms, and promote the market-oriented application of scientific research results. Deepen exchanges and cooperation in new materials science and technology at home and abroad, rely on the construction of "Belt and Road Initiative", expand the space for cooperation in technology and capital in the field of international new materials, consolidate the foundation of the supply chain of new materials, cultivate new technologies, new products and new business type, and achieve open innovation.
(2) Deepen the combination of production and use, and promote the coordinated development of the industrial chain.
Accelerate the domestic cycle, adhere to demand traction, strengthen the combination of production and use, and promote new material manufacturers, application companies, universities and scientific research institutes to jointly carry out technical research and development around the shortcomings of the industrial chain, forming simultaneous research and development and application of materials, processes, and equipment, and enhancing The toughness of the industrial chain ensures the safety and integrity of the industrial chain. Orderly promote the construction of the national new material production and application demonstration platform and the national manufacturing innovation center, fill the gap between production and use, promote collaborative innovation upstream and downstream of the new material industry, shorten the development and application cycle, and realize the simultaneous design and system verification of new materials and end products. Focusing on the needs of national defense security and major engineering construction, organizing new material production and application enterprises, implementing short-board projects, and establishing new material development and application models for major needs,
form a cooperation model of upstream and downstream collaboration and joint implementation of major projects to solve the problem of "stuck neck" of key materials. Focusing on the needs of manufacturing transformation and upgrading and consumption upgrading, focusing on the demand for materials in key industries such as new infrastructure, aerospace, marine equipment and ships, new energy vehicles, energy conservation and environmental protection, we will build a platform for production and cooperation, strengthen common key technologies, and optimize the performance of new materials. Focusing on the development needs of emerging industries such as 5G and artificial intelligence, encourage upstream and downstream enterprises of materials to jointly carry out industrial application technology research, select key areas to carry out application demonstrations in a timely manner, and seize opportunities for the development of emerging technologies.
(3) Promote high-quality agglomeration and cultivate world-class industrial clusters.
Based on the new development pattern of "double cycle", we should give full play to the advantages of China's market scale and structure, attract global talent, capital, technology and other resources, form a spatial layout of new material industry suitable for the carrying capacity of resources and environment, enhance the international competitiveness of China's new material industry cluster, and gradually cultivate world-class new material industry cluster. Promote strong alliances of advantageous new material companies, cross-regional mergers and reorganizations, overseas mergers and acquisitions, and investment cooperation, increase the concentration of the new material industry, cultivate new material enterprise groups with international competitiveness, support the development of a group of innovative and entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises, and form large and medium-sized enterprises A new material industry cluster with integrated development and a complete industrial ecology. Promote the development of cross-regional collaboration and integration, explore the construction of a scientific and reasonable benefit-sharing and distribution mechanism, and fight.
The innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, talent chain, and policy chain in the region will form a development pattern of interconnection, complementary advantages, and division of labor and cooperation between upstream and downstream enterprises in the cluster, and improve the development quality of new material industry clusters. Strengthen the brand construction of new material industry cluster, formulate the brand development strategy of industrial cluster, explore the path of co-construction and sharing of industrial cluster brand, promote the interactive development of enterprise brand and industrial cluster brand, and enhance the international competitiveness of new material industry cluster. Adhere to the combination of central guidance and local leadership, introduce special policies to support the development of new material industry clusters at the national level, optimize a number of areas with a good foundation and great development potential, give full play to the enthusiasm and initiative of local governments, and promote the pilot work of cultivating advanced manufacturing clusters. Focus on promoting large-scale comprehensive new material industry clusters such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to carry out pilot projects to form new materials with global influence and competitiveness in terms of technological innovation, industrial scale and brand value Industrial cluster.
(4) Improve the support system and optimize the industrial ecological environment
improve the new material industry system based on the new development pattern of "double cycle", strengthen the top-level design, improve the industrial chain supporting, enhance the industrial service capacity, and realize the high-quality development of the new material industry. Promote the construction of infrastructure for the new materials industry, accelerate the construction of infrastructure such as the industrial Internet, intelligent manufacturing, quality technology, and safe production, develop industrial basic software and material design software, and improve the basic quality support system for the new materials industry. We will improve the new material standard system, speed up the revision of new material products, testing, evaluation and quality standards, speed up the development of new material group standards, and increase the application demonstration and adoption of group standards. We will improve the statistical system of new materials, promote the application of statistical classification catalogue and statistical system of new materials industry, and carry out annual survey of new materials industry. Improve the new material industry service platform system, improve the national public service platform system represented by production application demonstration platforms, testing and evaluation platforms, industrial resource sharing platforms, and manufacturing innovation centers, and promote production enterprises, downstream users, scientific research institutions, The development of a market-oriented construction and operation platform economy with the participation of multiple forces such as investment institutions and fund platforms. Strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in new materials, and promote patent navigation in the field of new materials, pilot intellectual property review, intellectual property risk assessment and early warning. We will strengthen the cultivation of new materials talents and team building, encourage enterprises, universities and vocational colleges to jointly train a number of industrial workers, technical backbones and innovative teams in the field of new materials, and speed up the introduction of high-level talents and overseas training. We will improve financial facilities, make full use of funds from small and medium-sized enterprises and advanced manufacturing industries, extensively mobilize social funds, and support the research and development of new materials, the transformation of achievements, and the cultivation of the initial market.
Introduction to the Author
zeng Kun, Ph.D. in economics from Renmin University of China, deputy director of the Materials Industry Research Institute of CCID think tank, mainly engaged in the research of new material industry strategy and policy, regional economy, industrial economy, etc., and participated in the "New Material Industry Development Guide" and "13th Five-Year" National Strategic Emerging Industry Development Plan "and other national policies, he has presided over more than 20 new material topics such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, Beijing, Heilongjiang and Jiangxi provinces, and published more than 20 papers in the field of new materials.
